Justification
Romans 3:25    The act of God declaring people free from guilt and accptable to Him and counting them righteous.  
Justification naturally follows sanctificaion, even if there is a fraction of a second between them, for sanctification is the setting apart of a man to be made holy by God and justification is the act of declaring that man holy after he is sanctified.
Digging Deeper
The law is not relaxed or set aside, but is declared to be fulfilled in the strictest sense; and so the person justified is declared to be entitled to all the advantages and rewards arising from perfect obedience to the law.  Romans 5:1-10

It proceeds on the imputing or crediting to the believer by God himself of the perfect righteousness, active and passive, of his Representative and Surety, Jesus Christ (Rom 10:3-9).  Justification is not the forgiveness of a man without righteousness, but adeclaration that he possesses a righteousness which perfectly and for ever satisfies the law, namely, Christ's righteousness (2 Cor 5:21; Rom 4:6-8)

The sole condition on which this righteousness is imputed or creadited to the believer is faith in or aon the Lord jesus Christ.  Opposed to condemnation.  As regards its nature, it is the judicial act of God, by which he pardons all the sins of those who believe in Christ, and accounts, accepts, and treats them as righteous in the eye of the law, i.e. as conformed to all its demans.  in addition to the pardon of sin, justification declares that all the clims of the law are satisfied in respect of the justified.  It is the act of a judge and not of a sovereign.